Saturday, March 12, 2011

Estudo sobre tendencias recentes de gestão de terremotos no Japão


QUARTERLY REVIEW No.19 / April 2006


Recent Trends in Earthquake Disaster Management in Japan

KATSUTOSHI SUGANUMA

General Unit

1 Introduction

Despite the fact that Japan and the seas around it account for only about 1 percent of the Earth’s surface, approximately 10 percent of the

world’s earthquakes of magnitude 8.0 or greater during the 20th century occurred in Japan or its vicinity, it shows Japan is one of the most

earthquake-prone countries in the world. Japan is also a leader in earthquake disaster management. Since the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake of

January 1995, various technologies for earthquake disaster management have been developed. In March 2005, the Central Disaster

Management Council established an “Earthquake Disaster Management Reduction” that sets concrete goals for disaster mitigation by

strategically and intensively promoting steps that include making housing and public

facilities earthquake-resistant and tsunami countermeasures. The strategy sets a clear goal of reducing

by half over the next 10 years the probable deaths and economic damage from a Tokai

Earthquake, which is possible at any time, or a Tohnankai/Nankai Earthquake, which appears likely during the first half of the 21st century.

We will now turn our attention to recent trends and future issues in earthquake disaster

management in Japan.


Of Japan’s approximately 60 million households, 17.5 million were built before 1982. Of these, an estimated 11.5 million are not

sufficiently resistant to earthquakes. Making homes and buildings earthquake-resistant

is effective not only in terms of saving lives, but also in mitigating fire damage and the number

of fires, reducing the need for rescue and first-aid activities related to collapsed structures, and preventing impediments to recovery and

reconstruction.


Learning from the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, Japan has undertaken new measures and strengthened and improved existing ones in

order to mitigate earthquake damage.

3-1 Preparation of a seismic observation

network


3-2 Prompt communication of data obtained

through seismic observation

3-3 Earthquake warning bulletins



3-6 Making homes and buildings earthquake

resistant

4 Current and future issues

In order to reduce earthquake damage, the

following issues should be addressed.

4-1 Completion of a seafloor seismograph

network


4-2 Replacement of seismographs and

improvement of the reception system

4-3 Establishment of preferential treatment to

promote earthquake resistance

4-4 Creation and distribution of hazard maps


4-5 Promotion of multipurpose conduits


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